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Biology : Skeletal System & Bones of Human Body II

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Given the SKELETAL POSITION, identify the BONE NAME


1. Bone at the back and lower part of the cranium.
Answer: Occipital bone
Occipital bone forms the base of the cranium.
It is a curved, trapezoidal bone and encloses a large circular aperture called foramen magnum through which the brain extends as the spinal cord.

2. Bone on each side and at base of the cranium.
Answer: Temporal bone
Temporal bone is located on each side and at base of the skull.
It encloses 6 ear ossicles of the middle ear (3 on each side).

3. Bone on each side and at roof of the cranium.
Answer: Parietal bone
Parietal bone is located on each side and at roof of the cranium.
Parietal bone lies between the frontal and the occipital bone.
Each bone is irregularly quadrilateral in shape.


4. Bone at the forehead.
Answer: Frontal bone
Frontal bone forms the forehead of the skull.
It also includes the upper part of the eye sockets.

5. Bone at the roof of the nose.
Answer: Ethmoid bone
Ethmoid bone is located at the roof of the nose.
It separates the nasal cavity from the brain.
It is a very delicate bone and is easily injured.

6. Bone in the upper jaw.
Answer: Maxilla
Maxilla is the upper jaw bone. It is somewhat pyramidal in shape and has a large cavity called the maxillary sinus.

7. Bone in the lower jaw.
Answer: Mandible
Mandible forms the lower jaw.
Mandible is the largest and the strongest facial bone.

8. Bone at the outermost region of the middle ear.
Answer: Stapes (Stirrup)
Stapes is situated in the middle ear.
It is the smallest bone of the human skeleton.
It is only 0.25 to 0.33 cm long and weighs 2 to 4.3 mg.

9. Bone in the neck region.
Answer: Hyoid bone
Hyoid bone is situated in the neck. It supports the root of the tongue.
It is the only bone that does not articulate with any other bone.

10. Bone in the collar region.
Answer: Clavicle
Clavicle is a slender rod-shaped bone located in the collar region.
It is also called as the collar bone.

11. Bone at the posterior part of the shoulder girdle.
Answer: Scapula
Scapula is a large, triangular and flat bone which forms the posterior part of the pectoral (shoulder) girdle.
It is also known as the shoulder blade.

12. Bone at the centre of the thorax.
Answer: Sternum (Breast bone)
Sternum is located at the centre of the thorax, i.e., the chest.
It is a dagger-shaped bone that along with the ribs, forms the rib cage.

13. Bone in the upper arm.
Answer: Humerus
Humerus is located in the upper arm.
The head of the humerus fits into the glenoid cavity of the pectoral girdle to form a ball and socket joint.

14. Bone at the lateral side of the forearm.
Answer: Radius
Radius is the bone located at the lateral side of the forearm.
Radius along with Ulna constitutes the forearm.

15. Bone at the medial side of the forearm aligned with the little finger.
Answer: Ulna
Ulna is located at the medial side of the forearm. It is aligned with the little finger.
Ulna along with Radius constitutes the forearm.

16. Bones in the wrist region.
Answer: Carpals
Carpals are located in the wrist region.
There are 8 nodule-like bones called carpals in the wrist region.

17. Bones in the palm region.
Answer: Metacarpals
Metacarpals are 5 small rod-shaped bones located in the palm region.

18. Bone in the thigh region.
Answer: Femur
Femur is located in the thigh region.
The head of the femur fits into the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle to form a ball and socket joint.
It is the longest and the heaviest bone.
It supports the weight of the body.

19. Bone in front of the knee joint.
Answer: Patella
Patella is located in front of the knee joint.
It is commonly known as the kneecap.
It protects and covers the knee joint.

20. Bone in the shin region.
Answer: Tibia
Tibia is located in the shin region of the leg.
Tibia along with Fibula constitutes the lower leg.
Tibia is the larger of the two bones.

21. Bone in the calf region.
Answer: Fibula
Fibula is located in the calf region of the leg.
Fibula along with Tibia constitutes the lower leg.

22. Bone at the heel.
Answer: Calcaneus
Calcaneus is a large bone located at the heel.
It is also known as the heel bone.
It is more or less rectangular in shape.

23. Bones in the ankle.
Answer: Tarsals
Tarsals are located in the ankle.
There are 7 tarsal bones in the ankle. Calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone which constitutes the heel.

24. Bones in the foot.
Answer: Metatarsals
Metatarsals are 5 long rod-shaped bones.
They are located between the tarsals and the phalanges.
Metacarpals of hand are analogous to metatarsals of foot.

25. Bones in the fingers and toes.
Answer: Phalanges
Phalanges are the bones in the fingers and toes.
There are 14 phalanges in the fingers of the hand. The thumb has 2 phalanges whereas other fingers have 3 phalanges each.
There are 14 phalanges in the toes. The big toe has 2 phalanges whereas other toes have 3 phalanges each.

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