1. Nucleoplasm   It is a plastid, containing a pigment called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight and helps in the manufacture of food by the process of photosynthesis.   It initiates and regulates cell division. It also helps in forming spindle fibres, with the help of asters.   It synthesizes proteins by producing and storing RNA (Ribonucleic acid). At the same time, it orders ribosomes to synthesize proteins.   It contains chromatin fibres, which are made up of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid). After cell division takes place, these chromatin fibres undergo certain structural changes, and are called chromosomes. These chromosomes carry the hereditary information of the genes.   Hint Half-n-half Clue   2. Cell Wall   It provides shape to the cell. It is semi-permeable, regulating the entry and exit of substances, namely solutes and ions.   It is the house of all metabolic activities and functions in the cell. In other words, it contains most of the cell organelles, each of which perform a specific function.   It is the site of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) synthesis. It also synthesizes respiratory enzymes.   It provides protection, shape and rigidity to the cell. It is freely permeable, allowing substances in the form of solutions to enter and leave the cell without any hindrance.   Hint       3. Nucleolus   It synthesizes proteins by producing and storing RNA (Ribonucleic acid). At the same time, it orders ribosomes to synthesize proteins.   It performs intracellular digestion. It also helps in destroying foreign substances.   It is a plastid, containing a pigment called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight and helps in the manufacture of food by the process of photosynthesis.   It is the site of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) synthesis. It also synthesizes respiratory enzymes.   Half-n-half Clue   4. Centrosome   It performs intracellular digestion. It also helps in destroying foreign substances.   It initiates and regulates cell division. It also helps in forming spindle fibres, with the help of asters.   It is a plastid, containing a pigment called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight and helps in the manufacture of food by the process of photosynthesis.   It is known as the 'site of protein synthesis in the cell', and synthesizes proteins. It is chiefly composed of RNA (Ribonucleic acid).   Half-n-half Clue   5. Cell Membrane   It provides shape to the cell. It is semi-permeable, regulating the entry and exit of substances, namely solutes and ions.   It provides protection, shape and rigidity to the cell. It is freely permeable, allowing substances in the form of solutions to enter and leave the cell without any hindrance.   It synthesizes proteins by producing and storing RNA (Ribonucleic acid). At the same time, it orders ribosomes to synthesize proteins.   It is the house of all metabolic activities and functions in the cell. In other words, it contains most of the cell organelles, each of which perform a specific function.   Hint       6. Endoplasmic Reticulum   It provides support to the cell. It also helps in the synthesis and transport of proteins and fats.   It is the site of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) synthesis. It also synthesizes respiratory enzymes.   It is known as the 'site of protein synthesis in the cell', and synthesizes proteins. It is chiefly composed of RNA (Ribonucleic acid).   It synthesizes and secretes certain substances, namely hormones and enzymes. It also helps in the formation of acrosome of sperm.   Half-n-half Clue   7. Chloroplast   It is the house of all metabolic activities and functions in the cell. In other words, it contains most of the cell organelles, each of which perform a specific function.   It performs intracellular digestion. It also helps in destroying foreign substances.   It is the site of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) synthesis. It also synthesizes respiratory enzymes.   It is a plastid, containing a pigment called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight and helps in the manufacture of food by the process of photosynthesis.   Hint