It contains chromatin fibres, which are made up of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid). After cell division takes place, these chromatin fibres undergo certain structural changes, and are called chromosomes. These chromosomes carry the hereditary information of the genes.

  It helps in the storage of water and several other substances, namely food, waste products and pigments. It also provides turgidity to the cell.

  It is a plastid, containing a pigment called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight and helps in the manufacture of food by the process of photosynthesis.

  It initiates and regulates cell division. It also helps in forming spindle fibres, with the help of asters.